Homework words, decoded

719 words and method names you'll see on homework, each in one plain sentence, with a link to the guide that shows how it's taught.

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100 chart: Another name for hundreds chart: the 1–100 grid for counting patterns and jumps. Hundreds chart guide Math

20-word summaries: Another name for 3-2-1 and GIST summaries: quick ways to sum up what you just read. 3-2-1 and GIST summaries guide Study skills

30-60-90 triangle: A right triangle whose sides follow x, x√3 and 2x. Special right triangles guide Math

30-60-90 triangles: Another name for special right triangles: 45-45-90 and 30-60-90 shortcuts. Special right triangles guide Math

3-2-1 and GIST summaries: Quick ways to sum up what you just read. 3-2-1 and GIST summaries guide Study skills

3-2-1 strategy: Another name for 3-2-1 and GIST summaries: quick ways to sum up what you just read. 3-2-1 and GIST summaries guide Study skills

45-45-90 triangles: Another name for special right triangles: 45-45-90 and 30-60-90 shortcuts. Special right triangles guide Math

4-point rubrics: Another name for how writing is graded: rubrics in plain English. How writing is graded guide Writing

5-paragraph essay: Another name for the five-paragraph essay: introduction, three body paragraphs, conclusion. The five-paragraph essay guide Writing

5 Ws: Another name for writing summaries: somebody-Wanted-But-So-Then and the 5 Ws. Writing summaries guide Writing

A

AAAWWUBBIS: Another name for simple, compound and complex sentences: fANBOYS and AAAWWUBBIS. Simple, compound and complex sentences guide Writing

ACE and ACES: Answer, Cite, Explain: the shorter RACE. ACE and ACES guide Writing

ACES: Another name for ACE and ACES: answer, Cite, Explain: the shorter RACE. ACE and ACES guide Writing

ACE strategy: Another name for ACE and ACES: answer, Cite, Explain: the shorter RACE. ACE and ACES guide Writing

adding integers on a number line: Another name for integers on a number line: moving left and right past zero. Integers on a number line guide Math

Adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials: Combine like terms, and the box for multiplying. Adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials guide Math

affixes: Another name for prefixes and suffixes: word parts that change meaning: un-, re-, -ful, -less. Prefixes and suffixes guide Reading

agenda: Another name for planners and assignment notebooks: writing down every assignment and due date. Planners and assignment notebooks guide Study skills

algebra manipulatives: Another name for algebra tiles: shapes for x, x² and 1 to combine like terms. Algebra tiles guide Math

Algebra tiles: Shapes for x, x² and 1 to combine like terms. Algebra tiles guide Math

algebra tiles for quadratics: Another name for completing the square with tiles: building the missing corner of a square. Completing the square with tiles guide Math

alternate interior angles: Another name for parallel lines and transversals: the eight angles, and which ones match. Parallel lines and transversals guide Math

analyzing images: Another name for photos and political cartoons: oPTIC, symbols, labels and exaggeration. Photos and political cartoons guide Social studies

anchoring phenomena: Another name for Phenomena: I notice, I wonder: starting a unit with something puzzling. Phenomena: I notice, I wonder guide Science

angle bisectors: Another name for compass and straightedge constructions: copy, bisect and build with two tools. Compass and straightedge constructions guide Math

angle pairs: Another name for parallel lines and transversals: the eight angles, and which ones match. Parallel lines and transversals guide Math

annotate: Mark up a text while reading with symbols and short notes. Margin notes and sticky-note codes guide Study skills

annotating: Another name for margin notes and sticky-note codes: marking a textbook you can't write in. Margin notes and sticky-note codes guide Study skills

Annotating and close reading: Reading a short text several times, marking it up. Annotating and close reading guide Reading

annotation: Another name for annotating and close reading: reading a short text several times, marking it up. Annotating and close reading guide Reading

arc measure: Another name for circles: arcs, angles and equations: central angles, inscribed angles and (x − h)² + (y − k)² = r². Circles: arcs, angles and equations guide Math

Area and volume formulas: Prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones and spheres. Area and volume formulas guide Math

Area model: Multiplying with boxes. Area model guide Math

area model for algebra: Another name for the box method in algebra: distributing, multiplying and factoring with a grid. The box method in algebra guide Math

Area model for division: Dividing by building a rectangle in parts. Area model for division guide Math

area model for factoring: Another name for factoring with the box: running the box method backwards to factor. Factoring with the box guide Math

Area model for fraction multiplication: Multiplying fractions by overlapping shaded parts. Area model for fraction multiplication guide Math

argumentative writing: Another name for claims, counterclaims and rebuttals: arguing a side and answering the other side. Claims, counterclaims and rebuttals guide Writing

Arithmetic and geometric sequences: Add the same amount or multiply by the same amount. Arithmetic and geometric sequences guide Math

arithmetic rack: Another name for rekenrek: a bead rack for seeing 5s and 10s. Rekenrek guide Math

ARMS and CUPS: Another name for Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS: fix the ideas, then fix the rules. Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS guide Writing

Arrays: Rows and columns that show multiplication. Arrays guide Math

a squared plus b squared equals c squared: Another name for The Pythagorean theorem with squares: a² + b² = c², shown with areas. The Pythagorean theorem with squares guide Math

assignment book: Another name for planners and assignment notebooks: writing down every assignment and due date. Planners and assignment notebooks guide Study skills

attention grabbers: Another name for hooks: five ways to start strong: question, fact, saying, story, bold statement. Hooks guide Writing

author's point of view: Another name for point of view and bias: fact, opinion and loaded words. Point of view and bias guide Social studies

AVID and WICOR: Writing, Inquiry, Collaboration, Organization, Reading. AVID and WICOR guide Study skills

AVID binder: Another name for binder and folder systems: a place for every paper. Binder and folder systems guide Study skills

AVID elective: Another name for AVID and WICOR: writing, Inquiry, Collaboration, Organization, Reading. AVID and WICOR guide Study skills

AVID notes: Another name for cornell notes: notes, cue questions and a summary on one page. Cornell notes guide Study skills

AVID strategies: Another name for AVID and WICOR: writing, Inquiry, Collaboration, Organization, Reading. AVID and WICOR guide Study skills

axis of symmetry: The line that cuts a parabola into mirror halves: x = −b ÷ 2a. Graphing parabolas guide Math

B

backward planning: Another name for breaking big projects into chunks: planning backward from the due date. Breaking big projects into chunks guide Study skills

bar model: Another name for tape diagrams: bars that show a word problem. Tape diagrams guide Math

bar models for percents: Another name for percent bars: a bar split into tenths for percent problems. Percent bars guide Math

Base-ten blocks: Cubes, rods and flats for ones, tens and hundreds. Base-ten blocks guide Math

Base words and endings: -s, -ed and -ing, and the three sounds of -ed. Base words and endings guide Reading

BC and AD: Another name for Timelines, BCE and CE: putting events in order, centuries and counting years. Timelines, BCE and CE guide Social studies

BCE and CE: Years before and after year 1. There is no year 0. Timelines, BCE and CE guide Social studies

Benchmark fractions: Comparing fractions to 0, ½ and 1. Benchmark fractions guide Math

bias: A one-sided point of view that shows in word choice. Point of view and bias guide Social studies

Big 7: Another name for partial quotients: dividing by taking away easy groups. Partial quotients guide Math

Binder and folder systems: A place for every paper. Binder and folder systems guide Study skills

Blending sounds: Putting sounds together to read a word. Blending sounds guide Reading

block method: Another name for compare and contrast essays: venn diagrams, then block or point-by-point. Compare and contrast essays guide Writing

blurting: Another name for self-quizzing and brain dumps: write what you know, then check. Self-quizzing and brain dumps guide Study skills

BOLTSS: Another name for Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS: border, orientation, legend, title, scale, source. Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS guide Social studies

bossy e: Another name for silent e: the e that makes the vowel say its name. Silent e guide Reading

bossy r: Another name for r-controlled vowels: bossy r: ar, or, er, ir, ur. R-controlled vowels guide Reading

bottoms up: Another name for slide and divide: factoring when there's a number in front of x². Slide and divide guide Math

box method: Another name for area model: multiplying with boxes. Area model guide Math

box method division: Another name for area model for division: dividing by building a rectangle in parts. Area model for division guide Math

brain dump: Another name for self-quizzing and brain dumps: write what you know, then check. Self-quizzing and brain dumps guide Study skills

Break apart to multiply: Splitting a fact into two easier facts. Break apart to multiply guide Math

breaking apart fractions: Another name for decomposing fractions: breaking a fraction into smaller parts. Decomposing fractions guide Math

Breaking big projects into chunks: Planning backward from the due date. Breaking big projects into chunks guide Study skills

bridging ten: Another name for making ten: adding by getting to 10 first. Making ten guide Math

bubble maps: Another name for mind maps and concept maps: notes drawn as a web of ideas. Mind maps and concept maps guide Study skills

burger organizer: Another name for the hamburger paragraph: topic sentence, details, closing. The hamburger paragraph guide Writing

C

carry and borrow: The older words for regrouping in the standard algorithm. The standard algorithm guide Math

causation: Another name for cause-and-effect chains: one event leads to the next. Cause-and-effect chains guide Social studies

Cause-and-effect chains: One event leads to the next. Cause-and-effect chains guide Social studies

CCR (claim: Another name for claims, counterclaims and rebuttals: arguing a side and answering the other side. Claims, counterclaims and rebuttals guide Writing

central angle: An angle with its vertex at the center of a circle; it equals its arc. Circles: arcs, angles and equations guide Math

CER: Another name for Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER): making a claim and proving it with data. Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER) guide Writing

CER in science: Claim, evidence and reasoning from data. CER in science guide Science

CER in social studies: Another name for claim and evidence in history: cER with documents as evidence. Claim and evidence in history guide Social studies

chaining: Another name for word chains: change one sound at a time: cat, hat, hot. Word chains guide Reading

chain of events: Another name for cause-and-effect chains: one event leads to the next. Cause-and-effect chains guide Social studies

Change and continuity: What changed over time, and what stayed the same. Change and continuity guide Social studies

changing the subject of a formula: Another name for literal equations: solving a formula for a different letter. Literal equations guide Math

choral reading: Another name for echo and choral reading: read it after me, then read it together. Echo and choral reading guide Reading

chronology: Another name for Timelines, BCE and CE: putting events in order, centuries and counting years. Timelines, BCE and CE guide Social studies

chunking: Another name for partial quotients: dividing by taking away easy groups. Partial quotients guide Math

Circles: arcs, angles and equations: Central angles, inscribed angles and (x − h)² + (y − k)² = r². Circles: arcs, angles and equations guide Math

citing evidence: Another name for quoting and paraphrasing: using the author's words or your own. Quoting and paraphrasing guide Writing

Claim and evidence in history: CER with documents as evidence. Claim and evidence in history guide Social studies

claim-evidence-reasoning: Another name for Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER): making a claim and proving it with data. Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER) guide Writing

Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER): Making a claim and proving it with data. Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER) guide Writing

Claims, counterclaims and rebuttals: Arguing a side and answering the other side. Claims, counterclaims and rebuttals guide Writing

classifying quadrilaterals: Another name for properties of quadrilaterals: the family tree from parallelogram to square. Properties of quadrilaterals guide Math

clipped sounds: Another name for pure letter sounds: letter sounds without the extra “uh”. Pure letter sounds guide Reading

CLOVER: Another name for six syllable types: closed, open, silent e, vowel team, r-controlled, C-le. Six syllable types guide Reading

clue words: Another name for Keyword strategies like CUBES: why teachers moved away from keyword hunting. Keyword strategies like CUBES guide Math

coding the text: Another name for margin notes and sticky-note codes: marking a textbook you can't write in. Margin notes and sticky-note codes guide Study skills

Color-coded paragraphs: Green, yellow, red: topic, reasons, details. Color-coded paragraphs guide Writing

combining like terms: Another name for adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials: combine like terms, and the box for multiplying. Adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials guide Math

common denominator: A bottom number two fractions can share so they can be added. Unlike denominators with models guide Math

common denominators: Another name for unlike denominators with models: adding fractions by re-cutting into same-size pieces. Unlike denominators with models guide Math

common difference: The amount added each time in an arithmetic sequence. Arithmetic and geometric sequences guide Math

common difference and common ratio: Another name for linear vs. exponential tables: adding the same amount vs. multiplying. Linear vs. exponential tables guide Math

common ratio: The number multiplied each time in a geometric sequence. Arithmetic and geometric sequences guide Math

Compare and contrast essays: Venn diagrams, then block or point-by-point. Compare and contrast essays guide Writing

comparing to one half: Another name for benchmark fractions: comparing fractions to 0, ½ and 1. Benchmark fractions guide Math

Comparing two accounts: Firsthand and secondhand accounts of the same event. Comparing two accounts guide Social studies

comparison essay: Another name for compare and contrast essays: venn diagrams, then block or point-by-point. Compare and contrast essays guide Writing

Compass and straightedge constructions: Copy, bisect and build with two tools. Compass and straightedge constructions guide Math

compass rose: The symbol on a map that shows north, south, east and west. Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS guide Social studies

compelling question: A big, arguable question a history unit is built around. Thinking like a historian guide Social studies

compelling questions: Another name for thinking like a historian: questions and sources instead of memorizing facts. Thinking like a historian guide Social studies

Compensation: Making a number friendly, then adjusting. Compensation guide Math

completing the square: Another name for completing the square with tiles: building the missing corner of a square. Completing the square with tiles guide Math

Completing the square with tiles: Building the missing corner of a square. Completing the square with tiles guide Math

compound probability: Another name for probability tree diagrams: listing every outcome of two events. Probability tree diagrams guide Math

concept webs: Another name for mind maps and concept maps: notes drawn as a web of ideas. Mind maps and concept maps guide Study skills

congruence postulates: Another name for Triangle congruence and CPCTC: sSS, SAS, ASA, AAS and HL shortcuts. Triangle congruence and CPCTC guide Math

congruence shortcuts: Another name for Triangle congruence and CPCTC: sSS, SAS, ASA, AAS and HL shortcuts. Triangle congruence and CPCTC guide Math

congruent: Same size and same shape. Written ≅. Triangle congruence and CPCTC guide Math

Consonant blends: Two consonants you can hear, like st and fl. Consonant blends guide Reading

consonant clusters: Another name for consonant blends: two consonants you can hear, like st and fl. Consonant blends guide Reading

consonant digraphs: Another name for digraphs: two letters that make one sound. Digraphs guide Reading

consonant-vowel-consonant words: Another name for CVC words: short words like cat, sit and hop. CVC words guide Reading

constant of proportionality: Another name for proportional relationships: tables, graphs and the constant k. Proportional relationships guide Math

constants: Another name for independent and dependent variables: what you change, measure and keep the same. Independent and dependent variables guide Science

constructed response: Another name for Text evidence and RACE: restate, Answer, Cite, Explain. Text evidence and RACE guide Reading

constructed response formats: Another name for why the writing formulas?: why schools teach writing in set formats. Why the writing formulas? guide Writing

content-rich curriculum: Another name for knowledge-building units: weeks on one topic, like volcanoes or ancient Egypt. Knowledge-building units guide Reading

Context clues: Using the sentence to figure out a new word. Context clues guide Reading

continuity and change over time (CCOT): Another name for change and continuity: what changed over time, and what stayed the same. Change and continuity guide Social studies

controlled experiments: Another name for fair tests: changing only one thing at a time. Fair tests guide Science

controlled variables: Everything kept the same so a test is fair. Independent and dependent variables guide Science

controlling idea: Another name for thesis statements: one sentence that states the main point, often with three reasons. Thesis statements guide Writing

coordinate geometry: Another name for distance and midpoint formulas: how far apart, and what's halfway. Distance and midpoint formulas guide Math

coordinates: Another name for latitude and longitude: finding any place with two numbers. Latitude and longitude guide Social studies

COPS: Another name for Self-check lists: COPS: capitals, Organization, Punctuation, Spelling. Self-check lists: COPS guide Writing

COPS checklist: Another name for Self-check lists: COPS: capitals, Organization, Punctuation, Spelling. Self-check lists: COPS guide Writing

Cornell notes: Notes, cue questions and a summary on one page. Cornell notes guide Study skills

correlation: How two sets of data move together: positive, negative or none. Scatter plots and lines of fit guide Math

corresponding angles: Another name for parallel lines and transversals: the eight angles, and which ones match. Parallel lines and transversals guide Math

corroborate: Check whether other sources agree. Sourcing and corroboration guide Social studies

corroborating: Another name for sourcing and corroboration: who made it, when, and do other sources agree?. Sourcing and corroboration guide Social studies

Costa's House: Another name for costa's levels of questioning: level 1, 2 and 3 questions. Costa's levels of questioning guide Study skills

Costa's levels of questioning: Level 1, 2 and 3 questions. Costa's levels of questioning guide Study skills

count back: Another name for counting on and back: adding or subtracting by counting from a number. Counting on and back guide Math

counterclaim: The other side's argument, which a strong argument answers. Claims, counterclaims and rebuttals guide Writing

counting by: Another name for skip counting: counting by 2s, 5s, 10s and 100s. Skip counting guide Math

Counting on and back: Adding or subtracting by counting from a number. Counting on and back guide Math

counting up: Another name for think addition to subtract: turning take-away into a missing-number problem. Think addition to subtract guide Math

count on: Another name for counting on and back: adding or subtracting by counting from a number. Counting on and back guide Math

cover and check: Another name for self-quizzing and brain dumps: write what you know, then check. Self-quizzing and brain dumps guide Study skills

CPCTC: Another name for Triangle congruence and CPCTC: sSS, SAS, ASA, AAS and HL shortcuts. Triangle congruence and CPCTC guide Math

criteria and constraints: What a design must do, and the limits it must work within. The engineering design process guide Science

CUBES: Another name for Keyword strategies like CUBES: why teachers moved away from keyword hunting. Keyword strategies like CUBES guide Math

CVC words: Short words like cat, sit and hop. CVC words guide Reading

D

data analysis: Another name for reading charts and graphs in social studies: title, labels, trend, conclusion. Reading charts and graphs in social studies guide Social studies

data tables: Another name for data tables and averaging trials: organizing results and finding the mean. Data tables and averaging trials guide Science

Data tables and averaging trials: Organizing results and finding the mean. Data tables and averaging trials guide Science

DBQ essay: Another name for DBQs: document-based questions: answering one question with several documents. DBQs: document-based questions guide Social studies

DBQs: document-based questions: Answering one question with several documents. DBQs: document-based questions guide Social studies

Decimal grids: Hundred-square grids for tenths and hundredths. Decimal grids guide Math

Decodable books: Books written with only the sounds taught so far. Decodable books guide Reading

decodable readers: Another name for decodable books: books written with only the sounds taught so far. Decodable books guide Reading

decodable texts: Another name for decodable books: books written with only the sounds taught so far. Decodable books guide Reading

decoding: Another name for sounding out, not guessing: why kids are taught to decode, not guess. Sounding out, not guessing guide Reading

decompose: Break a number into smaller parts, like 7 = 5 + 2. Number bonds guide Math

Decomposing fractions: Breaking a fraction into smaller parts. Decomposing fractions guide Math

dependent variable: What you measure to see the effect of the change. Independent and dependent variables guide Science

descriptive writing: Another name for show, don't tell: actions, senses and dialogue instead of naming feelings. Show, don't tell guide Writing

design challenges: Another name for the engineering design process: ask, imagine, plan, create, test, improve. The engineering design process guide Science

designing an investigation: Another name for fair tests: changing only one thing at a time. Fair tests guide Science

diamond method: Another name for The X method: a diamond puzzle that finds the two numbers. The X method guide Math

diamond problems: Another name for The X method: a diamond puzzle that finds the two numbers. The X method guide Math

Dictation: Spelling what you hear, sound by sound. Dictation guide Reading

Difference of squares and perfect squares: Two patterns that factor on sight. Difference of squares and perfect squares guide Math

Digraphs: Two letters that make one sound. Digraphs guide Reading

dilations: Another name for transformations with coordinate rules: slides, flips, turns and resizes as rules. Transformations with coordinate rules guide Math

discriminant: b² − 4ac; it tells how many real solutions a quadratic has. The quadratic formula guide Math

Distance and midpoint formulas: How far apart, and what's halfway. Distance and midpoint formulas guide Math

distributed practice: Another name for spaced practice and study calendars: short study sessions spread out before a test. Spaced practice and study calendars guide Study skills

distributing: Another name for adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials: combine like terms, and the box for multiplying. Adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials guide Math

distributive property: Another name for break apart to multiply: splitting a fact into two easier facts. Break apart to multiply guide Math

document-based essay: Another name for DBQs: document-based questions: answering one question with several documents. DBQs: document-based questions guide Social studies

doing the same to both sides: Another name for the balance method: solving equations by keeping both sides equal. The balance method guide Math

dot cards: Another name for subitizing: seeing how many at a glance, without counting. Subitizing guide Math

Double number line: Two lined-up number lines for ratios. Double number line guide Math

Doubles and near doubles: Using 6 + 6 to solve 6 + 7. Doubles and near doubles guide Math

doubles plus one: Another name for doubles and near doubles: using 6 + 6 to solve 6 + 7. Doubles and near doubles guide Math

DRA: Another name for reading levels: what level J, DRA 18 and 520L mean. Reading levels guide Reading

drawing conclusions: Another name for making inferences: text clues + what I know = inference. Making inferences guide Reading

Drawing scientific models: Labeled diagrams with arrows that explain. Drawing scientific models guide Science

driving questions: Another name for Phenomena: I notice, I wonder: starting a unit with something puzzling. Phenomena: I notice, I wonder guide Science

DRY MIX: Another name for making graphs from data: dRY MIX, scales and choosing bar or line. Making graphs from data guide Science

E

Echo and choral reading: Read it after me, then read it together. Echo and choral reading guide Reading

echo reading: Another name for echo and choral reading: read it after me, then read it together. Echo and choral reading guide Reading

-ed: Another name for base words and endings: -s, -ed and -ing, and the three sounds of -ed. Base words and endings guide Reading

editing checklist: Another name for Self-check lists: COPS: capitals, Organization, Punctuation, Spelling. Self-check lists: COPS guide Writing

EDP: Another name for the engineering design process: ask, imagine, plan, create, test, improve. The engineering design process guide Science

Elkonin boxes: Another name for sound boxes: one box for each sound in a word. Sound boxes guide Reading

empty number line: Another name for open number line: adding and subtracting in jumps. Open number line guide Math

encoding: Another name for dictation: spelling what you hear, sound by sound. Dictation guide Reading

equal fractions: Another name for equivalent fractions with models: different fractions, same amount. Equivalent fractions with models guide Math

Equal groups: Multiplication as groups of the same size. Equal groups guide Math

equator and prime meridian: The 0° lines for latitude and longitude. Latitude and longitude guide Social studies

Equivalent fractions with models: Different fractions, same amount. Equivalent fractions with models guide Math

Estimating with compatible numbers: Swapping in friendly numbers to estimate. Estimating with compatible numbers guide Math

evaluating functions: Another name for function notation: what f(3) actually means. Function notation guide Math

evidence-based writing: Another name for claim and evidence in history: cER with documents as evidence. Claim and evidence in history guide Social studies

executive function: Another name for why schools teach “how to learn”: study skills and executive function in plain English. Why schools teach “how to learn” guide Study skills

exit tickets: Another name for 3-2-1 and GIST summaries: quick ways to sum up what you just read. 3-2-1 and GIST summaries guide Study skills

expanded addition: Another name for partial sums: adding by place value, then combining. Partial sums guide Math

Expanded form: Writing a number as the sum of its place values. Expanded form guide Math

expanded notation: Another name for expanded form: writing a number as the sum of its place values. Expanded form guide Math

Expanding sentences: Adding who, what, when, where, why and how. Expanding sentences guide Writing

explanatory models: Another name for drawing scientific models: labeled diagrams with arrows that explain. Drawing scientific models guide Science

explanatory writing: Another name for informational writing organizers: topic, subtopics and facts, planned on a web. Informational writing organizers guide Writing

explicit formulas: Another name for arithmetic and geometric sequences: add the same amount or multiply by the same amount. Arithmetic and geometric sequences guide Math

Exponent rules by expanding: Writing out the factors to see the rules. Exponent rules by expanding guide Math

expository writing: Another name for informational writing organizers: topic, subtopics and facts, planned on a web. Informational writing organizers guide Writing

F

Fact families: Three numbers, four related facts. Fact families guide Math

Factoring by grouping: Split the middle, pull out what each pair shares. Factoring by grouping guide Math

factoring patterns: Another name for difference of squares and perfect squares: two patterns that factor on sight. Difference of squares and perfect squares guide Math

Factoring with the box: Running the box method backwards to factor. Factoring with the box guide Math

factor (verb): Rewrite an expression as a product, like x² + 5x + 6 = (x + 2)(x + 3). Factoring with the box guide Math

fact vs. opinion: Another name for point of view and bias: fact, opinion and loaded words. Point of view and bias guide Social studies

Fair tests: Changing only one thing at a time. Fair tests guide Science

FANBOYS: Another name for simple, compound and complex sentences: fANBOYS and AAAWWUBBIS. Simple, compound and complex sentences guide Writing

firsthand and secondhand accounts: Another name for primary vs. secondary sources: made at the time, or made later about it. Primary vs. secondary sources guide Social studies

firsthand vs. secondhand accounts: Another name for comparing two accounts: firsthand and secondhand accounts of the same event. Comparing two accounts guide Social studies

first things first: Another name for must do, should do, could do: setting priorities on a to-do list. Must do, should do, could do guide Study skills

flashcards: Another name for retrieval practice and flashcards: pulling facts out of memory, the Leitner box. Retrieval practice and flashcards guide Study skills

Flowchart and paragraph proofs: The same proof in boxes or in sentences. Flowchart and paragraph proofs guide Math

flow proofs: Another name for flowchart and paragraph proofs: the same proof in boxes or in sentences. Flowchart and paragraph proofs guide Math

Fluency checks: Repeated reading and words correct per minute. Fluency checks guide Reading

focused note-taking: Another name for cornell notes: notes, cue questions and a summary on one page. Cornell notes guide Study skills

f of x: Another name for function notation: what f(3) actually means. Function notation guide Math

FOIL: First, Outer, Inner, Last: one order for multiplying two binomials. Adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials guide Math

fraction area model: Another name for area model for fraction multiplication: multiplying fractions by overlapping shaded parts. Area model for fraction multiplication guide Math

fraction bars: Another name for fraction strips: bars cut into equal pieces to compare fractions. Fraction strips guide Math

fraction number line: Another name for fractions on a number line: placing fractions between 0 and 1. Fractions on a number line guide Math

Fractions on a number line: Placing fractions between 0 and 1. Fractions on a number line guide Math

Fraction strips: Bars cut into equal pieces to compare fractions. Fraction strips guide Math

fraction wall: Another name for fraction strips: bars cut into equal pieces to compare fractions. Fraction strips guide Math

free recall: Another name for self-quizzing and brain dumps: write what you know, then check. Self-quizzing and brain dumps guide Study skills

friendly numbers: Numbers that are easy to work with, like 25, 50 or 100. Estimating with compatible numbers guide Math

function machines: Another name for function tables and function machines: input, rule, output. Function tables and function machines guide Math

Function notation: What f(3) actually means. Function notation guide Math

Function tables and function machines: Input, rule, output. Function tables and function machines guide Math

G

GCF (greatest common factor): The biggest number (or term) that divides every part; pull it out first when factoring. Factoring with the box guide Math

generic rectangle: Another name for the box method in algebra: distributing, multiplying and factoring with a grid. The box method in algebra guide Math

geometric constructions: Another name for compass and straightedge constructions: copy, bisect and build with two tools. Compass and straightedge constructions guide Math

geometry proofs: Another name for two-column proofs: statements on the left, reasons on the right. Two-column proofs guide Math

gist statements: Another name for writing summaries: somebody-Wanted-But-So-Then and the 5 Ws. Writing summaries guide Writing

give and take: Another name for compensation: making a number friendly, then adjusting. Compensation guide Math

goal setting: Another name for SMART goals for school: specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound. SMART goals for school guide Study skills

grapheme: The letter or letters that spell one sound, like sh or igh. Pure letter sounds guide Reading

graphic organizers: Another name for mind maps and concept maps: notes drawn as a web of ideas. Mind maps and concept maps guide Study skills

Graphing inequalities: Open and closed circles, and flipping the sign. Graphing inequalities guide Math

graphing lab data: Another name for making graphs from data: dRY MIX, scales and choosing bar or line. Making graphs from data guide Science

Graphing parabolas: Axis of symmetry, vertex and a mirrored table. Graphing parabolas guide Math

graphing quadratics: Another name for graphing parabolas: axis of symmetry, vertex and a mirrored table. Graphing parabolas guide Math

Greek and Latin roots: Word parts like port, tele and graph. Greek and Latin roots guide Reading

groups of: Another name for equal groups: multiplication as groups of the same size. Equal groups guide Math

growth patterns: Another name for linear vs. exponential tables: adding the same amount vs. multiplying. Linear vs. exponential tables guide Math

guided reading levels: Another name for reading levels: what level J, DRA 18 and 520L mean. Reading levels guide Reading

H

hanger diagrams: Another name for the balance method: solving equations by keeping both sides equal. The balance method guide Math

HAPP: Another name for HIPP and HAPP: historical context, Intended audience, Purpose, Point of view. HIPP and HAPP guide Social studies

Heart words: Common words with a part to learn by heart. Heart words guide Reading

higher-level questions: Another name for costa's levels of questioning: level 1, 2 and 3 questions. Costa's levels of questioning guide Study skills

high-frequency words: The words that appear most often in text, like the, said and was. Heart words guide Reading

HIPP analysis: Another name for HIPP and HAPP: historical context, Intended audience, Purpose, Point of view. HIPP and HAPP guide Social studies

HIPP and HAPP: Historical context, Intended audience, Purpose, Point of view. HIPP and HAPP guide Social studies

HIPPO: Another name for HIPP and HAPP: historical context, Intended audience, Purpose, Point of view. HIPP and HAPP guide Social studies

historical argument: Another name for claim and evidence in history: cER with documents as evidence. Claim and evidence in history guide Social studies

historical sources: Another name for primary vs. secondary sources: made at the time, or made later about it. Primary vs. secondary sources guide Social studies

Hooks: Five ways to start strong: question, fact, saying, story, bold statement. Hooks guide Writing

How writing is graded: Rubrics in plain English. How writing is graded guide Writing

Hundreds chart: The 1–100 grid for counting patterns and jumps. Hundreds chart guide Math

hundredths grid: Another name for decimal grids: hundred-square grids for tenths and hundredths. Decimal grids guide Math

hypotenuse: The longest side of a right triangle, across from the right angle. SOH CAH TOA guide Math

I

If-then-because statements: Another name for writing a hypothesis: if… then… because…. Writing a hypothesis guide Science

Independent and dependent variables: What you change, measure and keep the same. Independent and dependent variables guide Science

independent variable: What you change on purpose in an experiment. Independent and dependent variables guide Science

indirect measurement: Another name for similar triangles and scale factor: same shape, different size, a proportion to solve. Similar triangles and scale factor guide Math

inequalities on a number line: Another name for graphing inequalities: open and closed circles, and flipping the sign. Graphing inequalities guide Math

inference: A conclusion drawn from clues in the text plus what you already know. Making inferences guide Reading

inflectional endings: Another name for base words and endings: -s, -ed and -ing, and the three sounds of -ed. Base words and endings guide Reading

Informational writing organizers: Topic, subtopics and facts, planned on a web. Informational writing organizers guide Writing

-ing: Another name for base words and endings: -s, -ed and -ing, and the three sounds of -ed. Base words and endings guide Reading

in-out boxes: Another name for function tables and function machines: input, rule, output. Function tables and function machines guide Math

input and output: What goes into a function (x) and what comes out (y). Function tables and function machines guide Math

input-output tables: Another name for function tables and function machines: input, rule, output. Function tables and function machines guide Math

inquiry: Another name for thinking like a historian: questions and sources instead of memorizing facts. Thinking like a historian guide Social studies

inscribed angle: An angle with its vertex on a circle; it is half the arc it cuts off. Circles: arcs, angles and equations guide Math

inscribed angle theorem: Another name for circles: arcs, angles and equations: central angles, inscribed angles and (x − h)² + (y − k)² = r². Circles: arcs, angles and equations guide Math

Integer chips: Adding and subtracting negatives with zero pairs. Integer chips guide Math

Integers on a number line: Moving left and right past zero. Integers on a number line guide Math

interpreting graphs: Another name for reading charts and graphs in social studies: title, labels, trend, conclusion. Reading charts and graphs in social studies guide Social studies

inverse operations: Operations that undo each other, like + and −, or × and ÷. Fact families guide Math

irregular high-frequency words: Another name for heart words: common words with a part to learn by heart. Heart words guide Reading

isosceles right triangles: Another name for special right triangles: 45-45-90 and 30-60-90 shortcuts. Special right triangles guide Math

K

kernel sentences: Another name for expanding sentences: adding who, what, when, where, why and how. Expanding sentences guide Writing

Keyword strategies like CUBES: Why teachers moved away from keyword hunting. Keyword strategies like CUBES guide Math

King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk: Another name for metric units and conversions: king Henry and the metric staircase. Metric units and conversions guide Science

knowledge-building curriculum: Another name for knowledge-building units: weeks on one topic, like volcanoes or ancient Egypt. Knowledge-building units guide Reading

Knowledge-building units: Weeks on one topic, like volcanoes or ancient Egypt. Knowledge-building units guide Reading

L

labeled diagrams: Another name for drawing scientific models: labeled diagrams with arrows that explain. Drawing scientific models guide Science

lab reports: Another name for lab write-ups: question, hypothesis, procedure, data, conclusion. Lab write-ups guide Science

lab sheets: Another name for lab write-ups: question, hypothesis, procedure, data, conclusion. Lab write-ups guide Science

Lab write-ups: Question, hypothesis, procedure, data, conclusion. Lab write-ups guide Science

Latitude and longitude: Finding any place with two numbers. Latitude and longitude guide Social studies

lattice method: Another name for lattice multiplication: multiplying in a grid with diagonals. Lattice multiplication guide Math

Lattice multiplication: Multiplying in a grid with diagonals. Lattice multiplication guide Math

laws of exponents: Another name for exponent rules by expanding: writing out the factors to see the rules. Exponent rules by expanding guide Math

leads: Another name for hooks: five ways to start strong: question, fact, saying, story, bold statement. Hooks guide Writing

learning strategies: Another name for why schools teach “how to learn”: study skills and executive function in plain English. Why schools teach “how to learn” guide Study skills

legend (map key): The box that explains a map's symbols. Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS guide Social studies

Leitner system: Another name for retrieval practice and flashcards: pulling facts out of memory, the Leitner box. Retrieval practice and flashcards guide Study skills

letter teams: Another name for digraphs: two letters that make one sound. Digraphs guide Reading

levels of thinking: Another name for costa's levels of questioning: level 1, 2 and 3 questions. Costa's levels of questioning guide Study skills

Lexile and guided reading levels: Ways of labeling how hard a book is to read. Reading levels guide Reading

Lexile measures: Another name for reading levels: what level J, DRA 18 and 520L mean. Reading levels guide Reading

like terms: Terms with the same variable and exponent, like 3x² and 5x²; only these combine. Adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials guide Math

Linear vs. exponential tables: Adding the same amount vs. multiplying. Linear vs. exponential tables guide Math

line of best fit: A straight line through the middle of the dots on a scatter plot. Scatter plots and lines of fit guide Math

linking words: Another name for transition words: words that link ideas: first, also, however. Transition words guide Writing

literal equation: An equation or formula with more than one letter, like A = lw. Literal equations guide Math

Literal equations: Solving a formula for a different letter. Literal equations guide Math

loaded language: Another name for point of view and bias: fact, opinion and loaded words. Point of view and bias guide Social studies

location-place-region: Another name for the five themes of geography: movement, Interaction, Location, Region, Place (MITRE). The five themes of geography guide Social studies

M

magic e: Another name for silent e: the e that makes the vowel say its name. Silent e guide Reading

main claim: Another name for thesis statements: one sentence that states the main point, often with three reasons. Thesis statements guide Writing

Main idea and details: What a text is mostly about, and the facts that show it. Main idea and details guide Reading

make a ten: Move part of one number to the other so one of them becomes 10, then add. Making ten guide Math

making a prediction: Another name for writing a hypothesis: if… then… because…. Writing a hypothesis guide Science

Making graphs from data: DRY MIX, scales and choosing bar or line. Making graphs from data guide Science

Making inferences: Text clues + what I know = inference. Making inferences guide Reading

Making ten: Adding by getting to 10 first. Making ten guide Math

manipulated and responding variables: Another name for independent and dependent variables: what you change, measure and keep the same. Independent and dependent variables guide Science

map distance: Another name for map scale and distance: turning map inches into real miles. Map scale and distance guide Social studies

Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS: Border, orientation, legend, title, scale, source. Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS guide Social studies

Map scale and distance: Turning map inches into real miles. Map scale and distance guide Social studies

Margin notes and sticky-note codes: Marking a textbook you can't write in. Margin notes and sticky-note codes guide Study skills

mean: The average: add the values and divide by how many there are. Data tables and averaging trials guide Science

mean of trials: Another name for data tables and averaging trials: organizing results and finding the mean. Data tables and averaging trials guide Science

Metric units and conversions: King Henry and the metric staircase. Metric units and conversions guide Science

midpoint: The point halfway between two points: average the x's and the y's. Distance and midpoint formulas guide Math

Mind maps and concept maps: Notes drawn as a web of ideas. Mind maps and concept maps guide Study skills

mini-Q: Another name for DBQs: document-based questions: answering one question with several documents. DBQs: document-based questions guide Social studies

missing addend: Another name for think addition to subtract: turning take-away into a missing-number problem. Think addition to subtract guide Math

MITRE: Another name for the five themes of geography: movement, Interaction, Location, Region, Place (MITRE). The five themes of geography guide Social studies

models: Another name for drawing scientific models: labeled diagrams with arrows that explain. Drawing scientific models guide Science

morphology: Another name for prefixes and suffixes: word parts that change meaning: un-, re-, -ful, -less. Prefixes and suffixes guide Reading

multi-paragraph essay: Another name for the five-paragraph essay: introduction, three body paragraphs, conclusion. The five-paragraph essay guide Writing

multiple accounts: Another name for comparing two accounts: firsthand and secondhand accounts of the same event. Comparing two accounts guide Social studies

multiple causes: Another name for cause-and-effect chains: one event leads to the next. Cause-and-effect chains guide Social studies

Must do, should do, could do: Setting priorities on a to-do list. Must do, should do, could do guide Study skills

N

narrative arc: Another name for the story mountain: beginning, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution. The story mountain guide Writing

nearest hundred: Another name for rounding on a number line: finding the nearest ten or hundred. Rounding on a number line guide Math

nearest ten: Another name for rounding on a number line: finding the nearest ten or hundred. Rounding on a number line guide Math

no-cramming plan: Another name for spaced practice and study calendars: short study sessions spread out before a test. Spaced practice and study calendars guide Study skills

nonfiction text structures: Another name for text structures: how nonfiction is organized. Text structures guide Reading

notice and wonder: Another name for Phenomena: I notice, I wonder: starting a unit with something puzzling. Phenomena: I notice, I wonder guide Science

nth term: Another name for arithmetic and geometric sequences: add the same amount or multiply by the same amount. Arithmetic and geometric sequences guide Math

Number bonds: Splitting a number into two parts. Number bonds guide Math

number rack: Another name for rekenrek: a bead rack for seeing 5s and 10s. Rekenrek guide Math

O

opening lines: Another name for hooks: five ways to start strong: question, fact, saying, story, bold statement. Hooks guide Writing

Open number line: Adding and subtracting in jumps. Open number line guide Math

opinion paragraph: Another name for Opinion writing and OREO: opinion, Reason, Example, Opinion. Opinion writing and OREO guide Writing

Opinion writing and OREO: Opinion, Reason, Example, Opinion. Opinion writing and OREO guide Writing

OPTIC: Another name for photos and political cartoons: oPTIC, symbols, labels and exaggeration. Photos and political cartoons guide Social studies

oral blending: Another name for blending sounds: putting sounds together to read a word. Blending sounds guide Reading

oral reading fluency: Another name for fluency checks: repeated reading and words correct per minute. Fluency checks guide Reading

OREO: Another name for Opinion writing and OREO: opinion, Reason, Example, Opinion. Opinion writing and OREO guide Writing

OREO organizer: Another name for Opinion writing and OREO: opinion, Reason, Example, Opinion. Opinion writing and OREO guide Writing

OREO writing: Another name for Opinion writing and OREO: opinion, Reason, Example, Opinion. Opinion writing and OREO guide Writing

organizational patterns: Another name for text structures: how nonfiction is organized. Text structures guide Reading

organization system: Another name for binder and folder systems: a place for every paper. Binder and folder systems guide Study skills

outlier: A result far from the others, often from a mistake. Data tables and averaging trials guide Science

outliers: Another name for data tables and averaging trials: organizing results and finding the mean. Data tables and averaging trials guide Science

P

paragraph hamburger: Another name for the hamburger paragraph: topic sentence, details, closing. The hamburger paragraph guide Writing

paragraph proofs: Another name for flowchart and paragraph proofs: the same proof in boxes or in sentences. Flowchart and paragraph proofs guide Math

paragraph sandwich: Another name for the hamburger paragraph: topic sentence, details, closing. The hamburger paragraph guide Writing

Parallel lines and transversals: The eight angles, and which ones match. Parallel lines and transversals guide Math

parallel number lines: Another name for double number line: two lined-up number lines for ratios. Double number line guide Math

parallelogram properties: Another name for properties of quadrilaterals: the family tree from parallelogram to square. Properties of quadrilaterals guide Math

parallels and meridians: Another name for latitude and longitude: finding any place with two numbers. Latitude and longitude guide Social studies

partial product method: Another name for partial products: multiplying one place at a time, in a column. Partial products guide Math

Partial products: Multiplying one place at a time, in a column. Partial products guide Math

Partial quotients: Dividing by taking away easy groups. Partial quotients guide Math

Partial sums: Adding by place value, then combining. Partial sums guide Math

part-part-whole: Two parts that join to make a whole; the idea behind number bonds. Number bonds guide Math

part–part–whole: Another name for number bonds: splitting a number into two parts. Number bonds guide Math

parts of a map: Another name for Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS: border, orientation, legend, title, scale, source. Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS guide Social studies

PEAL: Another name for PEEL paragraphs: point, Evidence, Explain, Link. PEEL paragraphs guide Writing

PEEL: Another name for PEEL paragraphs: point, Evidence, Explain, Link. PEEL paragraphs guide Writing

PEEL paragraphs: Point, Evidence, Explain, Link. PEEL paragraphs guide Writing

PEE paragraph: Another name for PEEL paragraphs: point, Evidence, Explain, Link. PEEL paragraphs guide Writing

Percent bars: A bar split into tenths for percent problems. Percent bars guide Math

percent tape diagrams: Another name for percent bars: a bar split into tenths for percent problems. Percent bars guide Math

perfect square trinomials: Another name for difference of squares and perfect squares: two patterns that factor on sight. Difference of squares and perfect squares guide Math

perpendicular bisector: A line that cuts a segment in half at a right angle. Compass and straightedge constructions guide Math

perpendicular bisectors: Another name for compass and straightedge constructions: copy, bisect and build with two tools. Compass and straightedge constructions guide Math

persuasive essay: Another name for claims, counterclaims and rebuttals: arguing a side and answering the other side. Claims, counterclaims and rebuttals guide Writing

Phenomena: I notice, I wonder: Starting a unit with something puzzling. Phenomena: I notice, I wonder guide Science

phenomenon: Something real and puzzling that a science unit sets out to explain. Phenomena: I notice, I wonder guide Science

phoneme: One sound in a word. Cat has three: /k/ /a/ /t/. Segmenting and sound tapping guide Reading

Phoneme manipulation: Swapping, adding and removing sounds. Phoneme manipulation guide Reading

phoneme segmentation: Another name for segmenting and sound tapping: breaking a word into its sounds. Segmenting and sound tapping guide Reading

phoneme walls: Another name for sound walls: sounds grouped by how your mouth makes them. Sound walls guide Reading

phonemic awareness drills: Another name for phoneme manipulation: swapping, adding and removing sounds. Phoneme manipulation guide Reading

phonological awareness: Another name for rhyming and syllable clapping: hearing rhymes and the beats in words. Rhyming and syllable clapping guide Reading

Photos and political cartoons: OPTIC, symbols, labels and exaggeration. Photos and political cartoons guide Social studies

Phrase-cued reading: Reading in phrases, not word by word. Phrase-cued reading guide Reading

phrased reading: Another name for phrase-cued reading: reading in phrases, not word by word. Phrase-cued reading guide Reading

picture walk for nonfiction: Another name for text feature walks: previewing titles, headings, bold words and captions. Text feature walks guide Study skills

place value blocks: Another name for base-ten blocks: cubes, rods and flats for ones, tens and hundreds. Base-ten blocks guide Math

Place value chart: Columns that show what each digit is worth. Place value chart guide Math

place value mat: Another name for place value chart: columns that show what each digit is worth. Place value chart guide Math

Planners and assignment notebooks: Writing down every assignment and due date. Planners and assignment notebooks guide Study skills

plot diagram: Another name for the story mountain: beginning, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution. The story mountain guide Writing

plot mountain: Another name for the story mountain: beginning, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution. The story mountain guide Writing

point-by-point: Another name for compare and contrast essays: venn diagrams, then block or point-by-point. Compare and contrast essays guide Writing

point-evidence-explain: Another name for PEEL paragraphs: point, Evidence, Explain, Link. PEEL paragraphs guide Writing

Point of view and bias: Fact, opinion and loaded words. Point of view and bias guide Social studies

Point-slope and standard form: y − y₁ = m(x − x₁), and Ax + By = C. Point-slope and standard form guide Math

point-slope form: y − y₁ = m(x − x₁): a line written from one point and its slope. Point-slope and standard form guide Math

point-slope formula: Another name for point-slope and standard form: y − y₁ = m(x − x₁), and Ax + By = C. Point-slope and standard form guide Math

practice testing: Another name for retrieval practice and flashcards: pulling facts out of memory, the Leitner box. Retrieval practice and flashcards guide Study skills

Prefixes and suffixes: Word parts that change meaning: un-, re-, -ful, -less. Prefixes and suffixes guide Reading

previewing: Another name for text feature walks: previewing titles, headings, bold words and captions. Text feature walks guide Study skills

primary source: Something made at the time by someone who was there. Primary vs. secondary sources guide Social studies

Primary vs. secondary sources: Made at the time, or made later about it. Primary vs. secondary sources guide Social studies

prioritizing: Another name for must do, should do, could do: setting priorities on a to-do list. Must do, should do, could do guide Study skills

Probability tree diagrams: Listing every outcome of two events. Probability tree diagrams guide Math

process of elimination: Another name for test-taking strategies: process of elimination, reading every choice, checking answers. Test-taking strategies guide Study skills

project timeline: Another name for breaking big projects into chunks: planning backward from the due date. Breaking big projects into chunks guide Study skills

properties of exponents: Another name for exponent rules by expanding: writing out the factors to see the rules. Exponent rules by expanding guide Math

Properties of quadrilaterals: The family tree from parallelogram to square. Properties of quadrilaterals guide Math

Proportional relationships: Tables, graphs and the constant k. Proportional relationships guide Math

proportions in triangles: Another name for similar triangles and scale factor: same shape, different size, a proportion to solve. Similar triangles and scale factor guide Math

Pure letter sounds: Letter sounds without the extra “uh”. Pure letter sounds guide Reading

pure sounds: Another name for pure letter sounds: letter sounds without the extra “uh”. Pure letter sounds guide Reading

Q

quick images: Another name for subitizing: seeing how many at a glance, without counting. Subitizing guide Math

Quoting and paraphrasing: Using the author's words or your own. Quoting and paraphrasing guide Writing

R

rabbit: Another name for syllable division: splitting long words: rabbit, tiger, camel. Syllable division guide Reading

RACE: Another name for RACES: restate, Answer, Cite, Explain, Sum it up. RACES guide Writing

RACES: Another name for Text evidence and RACE: restate, Answer, Cite, Explain. Text evidence and RACE guide Reading

RACES strategy: Another name for RACES: restate, Answer, Cite, Explain, Sum it up. RACES guide Writing

RACE strategy: Another name for Text evidence and RACE: restate, Answer, Cite, Explain. Text evidence and RACE guide Reading

radical expressions: Another name for simplifying radicals: pull out the biggest perfect square. Simplifying radicals guide Math

rate of change: How much one thing changes for each 1 of the other; the slope. Slope triangles guide Math

ratio scale: Another name for map scale and distance: turning map inches into real miles. Map scale and distance guide Social studies

Ratio tables: Scaling a ratio up and down in a table. Ratio tables guide Math

r-controlled syllables: Another name for r-controlled vowels: bossy r: ar, or, er, ir, ur. R-controlled vowels guide Reading

R-controlled vowels: Bossy r: ar, or, er, ir, ur. R-controlled vowels guide Reading

reading between the lines: Another name for making inferences: text clues + what I know = inference. Making inferences guide Reading

Reading charts and graphs in social studies: Title, labels, trend, conclusion. Reading charts and graphs in social studies guide Social studies

Reading levels: What level J, DRA 18 and 520L mean. Reading levels guide Reading

reading like a historian: Another name for sourcing and corroboration: who made it, when, and do other sources agree?. Sourcing and corroboration guide Social studies

reading-test acronyms like UNRAAVEL: Another name for test-taking strategies: process of elimination, reading every choice, checking answers. Test-taking strategies guide Study skills

rearranging formulas: Another name for literal equations: solving a formula for a different letter. Literal equations guide Math

rebuttal): Another name for claims, counterclaims and rebuttals: arguing a side and answering the other side. Claims, counterclaims and rebuttals guide Writing

recursive formulas: Another name for arithmetic and geometric sequences: add the same amount or multiply by the same amount. Arithmetic and geometric sequences guide Math

reflections: Another name for transformations with coordinate rules: slides, flips, turns and resizes as rules. Transformations with coordinate rules guide Math

reflexive property: Anything equals itself, like AB = AB. Used when triangles share a side. Two-column proofs guide Math

regroup: Trade 10 ones for a ten (or a ten for 10 ones). Older words: carry and borrow. The standard algorithm guide Math

Rekenrek: A bead rack for seeing 5s and 10s. Rekenrek guide Math

related facts: Another name for fact families: three numbers, four related facts. Fact families guide Math

reliability: Another name for sourcing and corroboration: who made it, when, and do other sources agree?. Sourcing and corroboration guide Social studies

repeated reading: Another name for fluency checks: repeated reading and words correct per minute. Fluency checks guide Reading

report writing: Another name for informational writing organizers: topic, subtopics and facts, planned on a web. Informational writing organizers guide Writing

retrieval practice: Studying by pulling facts out of memory, like with flashcards or a brain dump. Retrieval practice and flashcards guide Study skills

Retrieval practice and flashcards: Pulling facts out of memory, the Leitner box. Retrieval practice and flashcards guide Study skills

reverse box: Another name for factoring with the box: running the box method backwards to factor. Factoring with the box guide Math

revise and edit: Another name for Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS: fix the ideas, then fix the rules. Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS guide Writing

revise vs. edit: Revising improves the ideas (ARMS); editing fixes mistakes (CUPS). Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS guide Writing

Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS: Fix the ideas, then fix the rules. Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS guide Writing

rhombus: A parallelogram with four equal sides. Properties of quadrilaterals guide Math

Rhyming and syllable clapping: Hearing rhymes and the beats in words. Rhyming and syllable clapping guide Reading

right triangle trigonometry: Another name for SOH CAH TOA: sine, cosine and tangent in right triangles. SOH CAH TOA guide Math

rigid motions: Another name for transformations with coordinate rules: slides, flips, turns and resizes as rules. Transformations with coordinate rules guide Math

rise over run: Slope: the up-or-down change divided by the left-right change. Slope triangles guide Math

root words: Another name for Greek and Latin roots: word parts like port, tele and graph. Greek and Latin roots guide Reading

rotations: Another name for transformations with coordinate rules: slides, flips, turns and resizes as rules. Transformations with coordinate rules guide Math

Rounding on a number line: Finding the nearest ten or hundred. Rounding on a number line guide Math

rows and columns: Another name for arrays: rows and columns that show multiplication. Arrays guide Math

rubric: The scoring chart a teacher uses to grade writing. How writing is graded guide Writing

S

sample space: Another name for probability tree diagrams: listing every outcome of two events. Probability tree diagrams guide Math

scale bar: Another name for map scale and distance: turning map inches into real miles. Map scale and distance guide Social studies

Scatter plots and lines of fit: Spot the trend, draw a line, make a prediction. Scatter plots and lines of fit guide Math

scientific explanation: Another name for Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER): making a claim and proving it with data. Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER) guide Writing

scientific explanations: Another name for CER in science: claim, evidence and reasoning from data. CER in science guide Science

scooping phrases: Another name for phrase-cued reading: reading in phrases, not word by word. Phrase-cued reading guide Reading

scoring guides: Another name for how writing is graded: rubrics in plain English. How writing is graded guide Writing

Segmenting and sound tapping: Breaking a word into its sounds. Segmenting and sound tapping guide Reading

Self-check lists: COPS: Capitals, Organization, Punctuation, Spelling. Self-check lists: COPS guide Writing

self-edit: Another name for Self-check lists: COPS: capitals, Organization, Punctuation, Spelling. Self-check lists: COPS guide Writing

Self-quizzing and brain dumps: Write what you know, then check. Self-quizzing and brain dumps guide Study skills

sensory details: Another name for show, don't tell: actions, senses and dialogue instead of naming feelings. Show, don't tell guide Writing

sentence combining: Another name for simple, compound and complex sentences: fANBOYS and AAAWWUBBIS. Simple, compound and complex sentences guide Writing

sentence expansion: Another name for expanding sentences: adding who, what, when, where, why and how. Expanding sentences guide Writing

sentence starters: Another name for quoting and paraphrasing: using the author's words or your own. Quoting and paraphrasing guide Writing

sentence stretching: Another name for expanding sentences: adding who, what, when, where, why and how. Expanding sentences guide Writing

sentence structure: Another name for simple, compound and complex sentences: fANBOYS and AAAWWUBBIS. Simple, compound and complex sentences guide Writing

sequencing events: Another name for Timelines, BCE and CE: putting events in order, centuries and counting years. Timelines, BCE and CE guide Social studies

shadow problems: Another name for similar triangles and scale factor: same shape, different size, a proportion to solve. Similar triangles and scale factor guide Math

shared reading: Another name for echo and choral reading: read it after me, then read it together. Echo and choral reading guide Reading

short constructed response: Another name for ACE and ACES: answer, Cite, Explain: the shorter RACE. ACE and ACES guide Writing

Show, don't tell: Actions, senses and dialogue instead of naming feelings. Show, don't tell guide Writing

sight words: Common words kids learn to read quickly; many schools now teach them as heart words. Heart words guide Reading

signal words: Another name for transition words: words that link ideas: first, also, however. Transition words guide Writing

Silent e: The e that makes the vowel say its name. Silent e guide Reading

Similar triangles and scale factor: Same shape, different size, a proportion to solve. Similar triangles and scale factor guide Math

Simple, compound and complex sentences: FANBOYS and AAAWWUBBIS. Simple, compound and complex sentences guide Writing

simplest radical form: A square root with no perfect-square factor left under it, like 6√2. Simplifying radicals guide Math

Simplifying radicals: Pull out the biggest perfect square. Simplifying radicals guide Math

simplifying square roots: Another name for simplifying radicals: pull out the biggest perfect square. Simplifying radicals guide Math

simultaneous equations: Another name for solving systems by graphing: two lines, one point where they cross. Solving systems by graphing guide Math

sin cos tan: Another name for SOH CAH TOA: sine, cosine and tangent in right triangles. SOH CAH TOA guide Math

SI units: Another name for metric units and conversions: king Henry and the metric staircase. Metric units and conversions guide Science

Six syllable types: Closed, open, silent e, vowel team, r-controlled, C-le. Six syllable types guide Reading

Skip counting: Counting by 2s, 5s, 10s and 100s. Skip counting guide Math

Slide and divide: Factoring when there's a number in front of x². Slide and divide guide Math

slip and slide: Another name for slide and divide: factoring when there's a number in front of x². Slide and divide guide Math

Slope-intercept form: y = mx + b from a graph, table or two points. Slope-intercept form guide Math

Slope triangles: Rise over run, drawn on the graph. Slope triangles guide Math

SMART goals: Another name for SMART goals for school: specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound. SMART goals for school guide Study skills

SMART goals for school: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound. SMART goals for school guide Study skills

snapshots: Another name for show, don't tell: actions, senses and dialogue instead of naming feelings. Show, don't tell guide Writing

SOAPS: Another name for SOAPSTone: speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, Tone. SOAPSTone guide Social studies

SOAPSTone: Speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, Tone. SOAPSTone guide Social studies

SOAPSTone analysis: Another name for SOAPSTone: speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, Tone. SOAPSTone guide Social studies

SOH CAH TOA: Sine, cosine and tangent in right triangles. SOH CAH TOA guide Math

solving by factoring: Another name for the zero product property: solving a factored equation one factor at a time. The zero product property guide Math

solving for a variable: Another name for literal equations: solving a formula for a different letter. Literal equations guide Math

solving inequalities: Another name for graphing inequalities: open and closed circles, and flipping the sign. Graphing inequalities guide Math

solving systems algebraically: Another name for systems by substitution and elimination: two equations, one answer, no graph. Systems by substitution and elimination guide Math

Solving systems by graphing: Two lines, one point where they cross. Solving systems by graphing guide Math

sound blending: Another name for blending sounds: putting sounds together to read a word. Blending sounds guide Reading

Sound boxes: One box for each sound in a word. Sound boxes guide Reading

sound charts: Another name for sound walls: sounds grouped by how your mouth makes them. Sound walls guide Reading

Sounding out, not guessing: Why kids are taught to decode, not guess. Sounding out, not guessing guide Reading

sound swapping: Another name for phoneme manipulation: swapping, adding and removing sounds. Phoneme manipulation guide Reading

sound tapping: Another name for segmenting and sound tapping: breaking a word into its sounds. Segmenting and sound tapping guide Reading

Sound walls: Sounds grouped by how your mouth makes them. Sound walls guide Reading

sourcing: Another name for sourcing and corroboration: who made it, when, and do other sources agree?. Sourcing and corroboration guide Social studies

sourcing a document: Another name for HIPP and HAPP: historical context, Intended audience, Purpose, Point of view. HIPP and HAPP guide Social studies

Sourcing and corroboration: Who made it, when, and do other sources agree?. Sourcing and corroboration guide Social studies

Spaced practice and study calendars: Short study sessions spread out before a test. Spaced practice and study calendars guide Study skills

special products: Another name for difference of squares and perfect squares: two patterns that factor on sight. Difference of squares and perfect squares guide Math

Special right triangles: 45-45-90 and 30-60-90 shortcuts. Special right triangles guide Math

spelling dictation: Another name for dictation: spelling what you hear, sound by sound. Dictation guide Reading

spelling generalizations: Another name for spelling rules: fLOSS, -ck, -tch and -dge. Spelling rules guide Reading

spelling patterns: Another name for spelling rules: fLOSS, -ck, -tch and -dge. Spelling rules guide Reading

Spelling rules: FLOSS, -ck, -tch and -dge. Spelling rules guide Reading

split-page notes: Another name for two- and three-column notes: main ideas and details; terms, meanings and examples. Two- and three-column notes guide Study skills

split the middle term: Another name for factoring by grouping: split the middle, pull out what each pair shares. Factoring by grouping guide Math

SQ3R: Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review. SQ3R guide Study skills

SQ3R reading method: Another name for SQ3R: survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review. SQ3R guide Study skills

SQRRR: Another name for SQ3R: survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review. SQ3R guide Study skills

standard form (of a line): Ax + By = C, with whole numbers and A positive. Point-slope and standard form guide Math

standard form of a line: Another name for point-slope and standard form: y − y₁ = m(x − x₁), and Ax + By = C. Point-slope and standard form guide Math

statements and reasons: Another name for two-column proofs: statements on the left, reasons on the right. Two-column proofs guide Math

Step Up to Writing: Another name for color-coded paragraphs: green, yellow, red: topic, reasons, details. Color-coded paragraphs guide Writing

sticky-note reading: Another name for margin notes and sticky-note codes: marking a textbook you can't write in. Margin notes and sticky-note codes guide Study skills

stoplight paragraphs: Another name for color-coded paragraphs: green, yellow, red: topic, reasons, details. Color-coded paragraphs guide Writing

Story retelling: Somebody, Wanted, But, So, Then. Story retelling guide Reading

story summary: Another name for story retelling: somebody, Wanted, But, So, Then. Story retelling guide Reading

strip diagram: Another name for tape diagrams: bars that show a word problem. Tape diagrams guide Math

student goals: Another name for SMART goals for school: specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound. SMART goals for school guide Study skills

student planner: Another name for planners and assignment notebooks: writing down every assignment and due date. Planners and assignment notebooks guide Study skills

study schedule: Another name for spaced practice and study calendars: short study sessions spread out before a test. Spaced practice and study calendars guide Study skills

study skills: Another name for why schools teach “how to learn”: study skills and executive function in plain English. Why schools teach “how to learn” guide Study skills

Subitizing: Seeing how many at a glance, without counting. Subitizing guide Math

success criteria: Another name for how writing is graded: rubrics in plain English. How writing is graded guide Writing

suffixes -s: Another name for base words and endings: -s, -ed and -ing, and the three sounds of -ed. Base words and endings guide Reading

summarizing: Another name for writing summaries: somebody-Wanted-But-So-Then and the 5 Ws. Writing summaries guide Writing

surface area: Another name for area and volume formulas: prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones and spheres. Area and volume formulas guide Math

SWBST: Another name for story retelling: somebody, Wanted, But, So, Then. Story retelling guide Reading

syllabication: Another name for syllable division: splitting long words: rabbit, tiger, camel. Syllable division guide Reading

Syllable division: Splitting long words: rabbit, tiger, camel. Syllable division guide Reading

Systems by substitution and elimination: Two equations, one answer, no graph. Systems by substitution and elimination guide Math

systems of equations: Another name for solving systems by graphing: two lines, one point where they cross. Solving systems by graphing guide Math

T

tables of equivalent ratios: Another name for ratio tables: scaling a ratio up and down in a table. Ratio tables guide Math

table-top organizer: Another name for main idea and details: what a text is mostly about, and the facts that show it. Main idea and details guide Reading

TAG: Turn the question, Answer it, Give evidence. TAG guide Writing

TAG answers: Another name for TAG: turn the question, Answer it, Give evidence. TAG guide Writing

TAG it: Another name for TAG: turn the question, Answer it, Give evidence. TAG guide Writing

TAG strategy: Another name for TAG: turn the question, Answer it, Give evidence. TAG guide Writing

TAILS: Another name for making graphs from data: dRY MIX, scales and choosing bar or line. Making graphs from data guide Science

take-home folder: Another name for binder and folder systems: a place for every paper. Binder and folder systems guide Study skills

Tape diagrams: Bars that show a word problem. Tape diagrams guide Math

Ten frames: A 2-by-5 box for seeing numbers up to 10. Ten frames guide Math

tens frame: Another name for ten frames: a 2-by-5 box for seeing numbers up to 10. Ten frames guide Math

testable question: A question you can answer with an experiment: it names what to change and what to measure. Phenomena: I notice, I wonder guide Science

Test-taking strategies: Process of elimination, reading every choice, checking answers. Test-taking strategies guide Study skills

test-taking tips: Another name for test-taking strategies: process of elimination, reading every choice, checking answers. Test-taking strategies guide Study skills

textbook reading strategy: Another name for SQ3R: survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review. SQ3R guide Study skills

text codes: Another name for margin notes and sticky-note codes: marking a textbook you can't write in. Margin notes and sticky-note codes guide Study skills

text evidence: Words or facts from the reading that prove an answer. Text evidence and RACE guide Reading

Text evidence and RACE: Restate, Answer, Cite, Explain. Text evidence and RACE guide Reading

text feature scavenger hunt: Another name for text feature walks: previewing titles, headings, bold words and captions. Text feature walks guide Study skills

Text feature walks: Previewing titles, headings, bold words and captions. Text feature walks guide Study skills

text marking: Another name for annotating and close reading: reading a short text several times, marking it up. Annotating and close reading guide Reading

Text structures: How nonfiction is organized. Text structures guide Reading

the AC method: Another name for factoring by grouping: split the middle, pull out what each pair shares. Factoring by grouping guide Math

the AC slide: Another name for slide and divide: factoring when there's a number in front of x². Slide and divide guide Math

the addition method: Another name for systems by substitution and elimination: two equations, one answer, no graph. Systems by substitution and elimination guide Math

The balance method: Solving equations by keeping both sides equal. The balance method guide Math

the box method: Another name for adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials: combine like terms, and the box for multiplying. Adding, subtracting and multiplying polynomials guide Math

The box method in algebra: Distributing, multiplying and factoring with a grid. The box method in algebra guide Math

the C3 Framework: Another name for thinking like a historian: questions and sources instead of memorizing facts. Thinking like a historian guide Social studies

the discriminant: Another name for the quadratic formula: the formula that solves every quadratic. The quadratic formula guide Math

the distance formula: Another name for distance and midpoint formulas: how far apart, and what's halfway. Distance and midpoint formulas guide Math

The engineering design process: Ask, imagine, plan, create, test, improve. The engineering design process guide Science

the equation of a circle: Another name for circles: arcs, angles and equations: central angles, inscribed angles and (x − h)² + (y − k)² = r². Circles: arcs, angles and equations guide Math

the essay hamburger: Another name for the five-paragraph essay: introduction, three body paragraphs, conclusion. The five-paragraph essay guide Writing

The five-paragraph essay: Introduction, three body paragraphs, conclusion. The five-paragraph essay guide Writing

the five themes: Another name for the five themes of geography: movement, Interaction, Location, Region, Place (MITRE). The five themes of geography guide Social studies

The five themes of geography: Movement, Interaction, Location, Region, Place (MITRE). The five themes of geography guide Social studies

the global grid: Another name for latitude and longitude: finding any place with two numbers. Latitude and longitude guide Social studies

The hamburger paragraph: Topic sentence, details, closing. The hamburger paragraph guide Writing

the metric ladder: Another name for metric units and conversions: king Henry and the metric staircase. Metric units and conversions guide Science

the midpoint formula: Another name for distance and midpoint formulas: how far apart, and what's halfway. Distance and midpoint formulas guide Math

then and now: Another name for change and continuity: what changed over time, and what stayed the same. Change and continuity guide Social studies

The Pythagorean theorem with squares: a² + b² = c², shown with areas. The Pythagorean theorem with squares guide Math

The quadratic formula: The formula that solves every quadratic. The quadratic formula guide Math

the quadratic formula song: Another name for the quadratic formula: the formula that solves every quadratic. The quadratic formula guide Math

the quadrilateral hierarchy: Another name for properties of quadrilaterals: the family tree from parallelogram to square. Properties of quadrilaterals guide Math

the science of reading: Another name for sounding out, not guessing: why kids are taught to decode, not guess. Sounding out, not guessing guide Reading

the scientific method write-up: Another name for lab write-ups: question, hypothesis, procedure, data, conclusion. Lab write-ups guide Science

thesis: The one-sentence main claim of an essay. Thesis statements guide Writing

Thesis statements: One sentence that states the main point, often with three reasons. Thesis statements guide Writing

the stacked method: Another name for the standard algorithm: the stacked method, and when it arrives. The standard algorithm guide Math

The standard algorithm: The stacked method, and when it arrives. The standard algorithm guide Math

The story mountain: Beginning, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution. The story mountain guide Writing

the testing effect: Another name for retrieval practice and flashcards: pulling facts out of memory, the Leitner box. Retrieval practice and flashcards guide Study skills

the writing process: Another name for Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS: fix the ideas, then fix the rules. Revising and editing: ARMS and CUPS guide Writing

The X method: A diamond puzzle that finds the two numbers. The X method guide Math

The zero product property: Solving a factored equation one factor at a time. The zero product property guide Math

Think addition to subtract: Turning take-away into a missing-number problem. Think addition to subtract guide Math

Thinking like a historian: Questions and sources instead of memorizing facts. Thinking like a historian guide Social studies

three-prong thesis: Another name for thesis statements: one sentence that states the main point, often with three reasons. Thesis statements guide Writing

tiger and camel words: Another name for syllable division: splitting long words: rabbit, tiger, camel. Syllable division guide Reading

Timelines, BCE and CE: Putting events in order, centuries and counting years. Timelines, BCE and CE guide Social studies

T-notes: Another name for two- and three-column notes: main ideas and details; terms, meanings and examples. Two- and three-column notes guide Study skills

TODALS: Another name for Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS: border, orientation, legend, title, scale, source. Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS guide Social studies

TODALSS: Another name for Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS: border, orientation, legend, title, scale, source. Map elements: BOLTSS and TODALS guide Social studies

to-do lists: Another name for must do, should do, could do: setting priorities on a to-do list. Must do, should do, could do guide Study skills

topic sentence: The first sentence of a paragraph, which says what it's about. The hamburger paragraph guide Writing

topic web: Another name for informational writing organizers: topic, subtopics and facts, planned on a web. Informational writing organizers guide Writing

traffic light paragraphs: Another name for color-coded paragraphs: green, yellow, red: topic, reasons, details. Color-coded paragraphs guide Writing

transformations of quadratics: Another name for vertex form and shifts: reading the vertex straight from the equation. Vertex form and shifts guide Math

Transformations with coordinate rules: Slides, flips, turns and resizes as rules. Transformations with coordinate rules guide Math

transitions: Another name for transition words: words that link ideas: first, also, however. Transition words guide Writing

transition words: Words like first, however and as a result that connect ideas. Transition words guide Writing

translations: Another name for transformations with coordinate rules: slides, flips, turns and resizes as rules. Transformations with coordinate rules guide Math

transversal: A line that crosses two other lines. Parallel lines and transversals guide Math

trend lines: Another name for scatter plots and lines of fit: spot the trend, draw a line, make a prediction. Scatter plots and lines of fit guide Math

Triangle congruence and CPCTC: SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS and HL shortcuts. Triangle congruence and CPCTC guide Math

tricky words: Another name for heart words: common words with a part to learn by heart. Heart words guide Reading

trig ratios: Another name for SOH CAH TOA: sine, cosine and tangent in right triangles. SOH CAH TOA guide Math

Two- and three-column notes: Main ideas and details; terms, meanings and examples. Two- and three-column notes guide Study skills

two-color counters: Another name for integer chips: adding and subtracting negatives with zero pairs. Integer chips guide Math

two-column notes with summary: Another name for cornell notes: notes, cue questions and a summary on one page. Cornell notes guide Study skills

Two-column proofs: Statements on the left, reasons on the right. Two-column proofs guide Math

U

umbrella organizer: Another name for main idea and details: what a text is mostly about, and the facts that show it. Main idea and details guide Reading

unit fraction: A fraction with 1 on top, like 1/4. Decomposing fractions guide Math

unit rate: Another name for proportional relationships: tables, graphs and the constant k. Proportional relationships guide Math

Unlike denominators with models: Adding fractions by re-cutting into same-size pieces. Unlike denominators with models guide Math

using context: Another name for context clues: using the sentence to figure out a new word. Context clues guide Reading

V

VCe: Another name for silent e: the e that makes the vowel say its name. Silent e guide Reading

Venn diagram: Another name for compare and contrast essays: venn diagrams, then block or point-by-point. Compare and contrast essays guide Writing

vertex: The turning point of a parabola, its highest or lowest point. Graphing parabolas guide Math

vertex form: Another name for vertex form and shifts: reading the vertex straight from the equation. Vertex form and shifts guide Math

Vertex form and shifts: Reading the vertex straight from the equation. Vertex form and shifts guide Math

visual analysis: Another name for photos and political cartoons: oPTIC, symbols, labels and exaggeration. Photos and political cartoons guide Social studies

visual literacy: Another name for reading charts and graphs in social studies: title, labels, trend, conclusion. Reading charts and graphs in social studies guide Social studies

vocabulary charts: Another name for two- and three-column notes: main ideas and details; terms, meanings and examples. Two- and three-column notes guide Study skills

vocabulary strategies: Another name for context clues: using the sentence to figure out a new word. Context clues guide Reading

volume: How much space a solid takes up, in cubic units. Area and volume formulas guide Math

volume of a cone: Another name for area and volume formulas: prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones and spheres. Area and volume formulas guide Math

volume of a cylinder: Another name for area and volume formulas: prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones and spheres. Area and volume formulas guide Math

volume of a sphere: Another name for area and volume formulas: prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones and spheres. Area and volume formulas guide Math

vowel digraphs: Another name for vowel teams: two vowels that make one sound, like oa in boat. Vowel teams guide Reading

vowel pairs: Another name for vowel teams: two vowels that make one sound, like oa in boat. Vowel teams guide Reading

Vowel teams: Two vowels that make one sound, like oa in boat. Vowel teams guide Reading

W

WCPM: Another name for fluency checks: repeated reading and words correct per minute. Fluency checks guide Reading

WCPM (words correct per minute): A fluency score: how many words a child reads correctly in one minute. Fluency checks guide Reading

webs: Another name for mind maps and concept maps: notes drawn as a web of ideas. Mind maps and concept maps guide Study skills

Why schools teach “how to learn”: Study skills and executive function in plain English. Why schools teach “how to learn” guide Study skills

Why the writing formulas?: Why schools teach writing in set formats. Why the writing formulas? guide Writing

WICOR: AVID's five learning skills: writing, inquiry, collaboration, organization, reading. AVID and WICOR guide Study skills

Word chains: Change one sound at a time: cat, hat, hot. Word chains guide Reading

word ladders: Another name for word chains: change one sound at a time: cat, hat, hot. Word chains guide Reading

word play: Another name for rhyming and syllable clapping: hearing rhymes and the beats in words. Rhyming and syllable clapping guide Reading

word sums: Another name for prefixes and suffixes: word parts that change meaning: un-, re-, -ful, -less. Prefixes and suffixes guide Reading

Writing a hypothesis: If… then… because…. Writing a hypothesis guide Science

writing equations of lines: Another name for point-slope and standard form: y − y₁ = m(x − x₁), and Ax + By = C. Point-slope and standard form guide Math

writing linear equations: Another name for slope-intercept form: y = mx + b from a graph, table or two points. Slope-intercept form guide Math

writing strategies: Another name for why the writing formulas?: why schools teach writing in set formats. Why the writing formulas? guide Writing

Writing summaries: Somebody-Wanted-But-So-Then and the 5 Ws. Writing summaries guide Writing

X

X factoring: Another name for The X method: a diamond puzzle that finds the two numbers. The X method guide Math

Y

y-intercept: Where a line crosses the y-axis; b in y = mx + b. Slope-intercept form guide Math

y = kx: Another name for proportional relationships: tables, graphs and the constant k. Proportional relationships guide Math

y = mx + b: Another name for slope-intercept form: y = mx + b from a graph, table or two points. Slope-intercept form guide Math

Z

zero pair: A positive and a negative that cancel to make zero. Integer chips guide Math

zero pairs: Another name for integer chips: adding and subtracting negatives with zero pairs. Integer chips guide Math

zero product rule: Another name for the zero product property: solving a factored equation one factor at a time. The zero product property guide Math